{"id":"W3193635235","doi":"10.3390/app11167736","title":"Deep Learning Applications in Geosciences: Insights into Ichnological Analysis","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Sciences","topic":"Seismic Imaging and Inversion Techniques","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Bioturbation; Computer science; Convolutional neural network; Artificial intelligence; Field (mathematics); Deep learning; Ichnology; Geology; Machine learning; Trace fossil; Paleontology; Mathematics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008628383,0.0007850523,0.0003594171,0.001240246,0.000275676,0.001913802,0.0006943194,0.000866465,0.003354572],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003512024,0.0002551395,0.0003682188,0.00247065,0.0006986134,0.001829905,0.001160459,0.00155069,0.0009516009],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008395584,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009426824,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004819511,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006771393,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997595,0.0000717661,0.00001858964,0.00004636941,0.00007871223,0.00002508099],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986619,0.0007146567,0.00009591925,0.0001407748,0.00029157,0.00009523318],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008245292,0.0001329061,0.01565923,0.000546926,0.00009011693,0.000294906,0.0003075837,0.1716385,0.006855401,0.08604469,0.02524525,0.6931021],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008628016,0.00002848428,0.005366905,0.0002118898,0.00001641083,0.0001269255,0.0002267463,0.736596,0.004451404,0.2118851,0.04105133,0.00003014324],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.05235872,0.02555916,0.8746367,0.01601188,0.0004981806,0.0001023736,0.001883842,0.002575428,0.02637376],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5255038,0.02720951,0.4311128,0.001549564,0.0007578664,0.0001291631,0.002003091,0.0004246569,0.01130962],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004819511,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01122218,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01471860659953686,"score_gpt":0.232353711359226,"score_spread":0.2176351047596892,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}