{"id":"W3194009071","doi":"10.1177/01708406211044886","title":"Research on Grand Challenges: Adopting an Abductive Experimentation Methodology","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Organization Studies","topic":"Management and Organizational Studies","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":50,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; York University","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Abductive reasoning; Grand Challenges; Epistemology; Process (computing); Action (physics); Sociology; Computer science; Management science; Engineering ethics; Philosophy; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.1099192,0.001465486,0.001170358,0.004190195,0.003945649,0.01026946,0.006768248,0.004516993,0.005027185],"category_scores_gemma":[0.1978006,0.001402126,0.001845083,0.003122456,0.01971131,0.0117349,0.01055401,0.005212156,0.0006789053],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003322769,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00723213,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0012369,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002421494,"domain_scores_codex":[0.8437623,0.1355808,0.003862932,0.006475194,0.008774323,0.001544394],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.6855584,0.2696252,0.009514296,0.02410768,0.009784814,0.001409599],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003888746,0.0009280487,0.00927111,0.003288786,0.0003198951,0.0007915886,0.1244078,0.01838681,0.008876116,0.680317,0.002625881,0.1503981],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003917542,0.001390968,0.002352265,0.002668681,0.0001913777,0.0006883675,0.03535519,0.06018797,0.01188407,0.8038265,0.08084542,0.0002175335],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.04276907,0.0006187083,0.9246795,0.006071043,0.0001885781,0.003772515,0.0001768224,0.0002855932,0.02143821],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.1743103,0.0004366012,0.818025,0.0008959133,0.00004488442,0.004572144,0.0001247864,0.00008139812,0.001509046],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1099192,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.581315,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.4412634386710482,"score_gpt":0.4457639013519345,"score_spread":0.00450046268088633,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}