{"id":"W3194761334","doi":"10.1007/s10021-021-00671-3","title":"Archaeological and Contemporary Evidence Indicates Low Sea Otter Prevalence on the Pacific Northwest Coast During the Late Holocene","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecosystems","topic":"Marine Bivalve and Aquaculture Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Tula Foundation; Bamfield Marine Sciences Centre; University of Victoria; Simon Fraser University","funders":"Hakai Institute; Canada Foundation for Innovation; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Pew Charitable Trusts","keywords":"Otter; Holocene; Geography; Fishery; Ecology; Zalophus californianus; Historical ecology; Mussel; Human settlement; Population; Keystone species; Oceanography; Archaeology; Habitat; Biology; Sea lion; Geology; Demography","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004197047,0.0001584992,0.0001617483,0.000008585362,0.0004277286,0.00005657602,0.0002618806,0.00004408794,0.0003354894],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001267505,0.00007422006,0.00005616633,0.0001388737,0.0003580396,0.0001068525,0.0005866831,0.0002110851,0.0001816309],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002950994,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008513741,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00029635,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006951769,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987256,0.0002466842,0.0002005363,0.0003276547,0.0002743378,0.0002252185],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991943,0.0003392395,0.0000967381,0.0003010672,0.00001144922,0.00005725307],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001322956,0.00002482715,0.9957211,0.00007925634,0.00002041808,0.00004583818,0.0009878301,0.00001756808,0.0009650798,0.00003113966,0.001971044,0.0001226873],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001138505,0.00004849054,0.9930068,0.0002114395,0.000008440006,0.00004557353,0.0007207408,0.00009773637,0.002181841,0.00004936436,0.003378685,0.0001370302],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9892123,0.001144364,0.000002631274,0.005962815,0.00008867731,0.0002762031,0.00002121515,0.00002823898,0.003263573],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9964648,0.0005369087,0.000005760901,0.000343959,0.00008453721,0.00005417658,0.000003725011,0.000007485815,0.002498618],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.007252546,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3673374,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01986609094645064,"score_gpt":0.2232026441835649,"score_spread":0.2033365532371143,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}