{"id":"W3195582019","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113518","title":"Desalination by pulsed electrodialysis reversal: Approaching fully closed-loop water systems in wood pulp mills","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Environmental Management","topic":"Membrane-based Ion Separation Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Electrodialysis; Effluent; Kraft process; Desalination; Environmental science; Wastewater; Backwashing; Water quality; Fouling; Black liquor; Pulp and paper industry; Pulp (tooth); Waste management; Pulp mill; Environmental engineering; Kraft paper; Engineering; Chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005998121,0.00018223,0.0002857471,0.0002796323,0.00003767788,0.00007769818,0.0001657236,0.00007536887,0.0001555261],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004449166,0.0001662733,0.0001111263,0.0001423752,0.00001505237,0.0003233409,0.00004631775,0.0002431332,0.00002502308],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005771155,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004529,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004193174,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001772075,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982753,0.0001299779,0.00069904,0.0001765813,0.0004625319,0.0002565001],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995633,0.00001842949,0.0001329004,0.00020167,0.0000107183,0.0000729479],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003984687,0.0002820037,0.0002027486,0.0001977392,0.0003446841,0.0001924465,0.0002442353,0.04940716,0.938184,0.00007998558,0.003678164,0.00714696],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001940123,0.0001565943,0.0008223727,0.0001555698,0.0002397496,0.00007847566,0.0008730929,0.01247826,0.9542772,0.0001332534,0.02834058,0.0005047227],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.963031,0.002393938,0.0307912,0.0002309905,0.0003758971,0.0004739389,0.00001143611,0.00008585128,0.002605782],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963146,0.001153424,0.00157613,0.0000844616,0.00006144903,0.00002441206,0.00006002138,0.00003877232,0.0006867399],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0369289,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6780428,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.004809539267777095,"score_gpt":0.1879015821530511,"score_spread":0.183092042885274,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}