{"id":"W3197314822","doi":"10.1177/03400352211041135","title":"Prevalence and source analysis of COVID-19 misinformation in 138 countries","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IFLA Journal","topic":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":54,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Misinformation; Social media; The Internet; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Pandemic; Media literacy; Political science; Advertising; Internet privacy; Psychology; Business; Medicine; Computer science; World Wide Web; Law","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001429479,0.0002521052,0.0003637062,0.008692578,0.0005060927,0.000917581,0.0003061015,0.0003380358,0.001848531],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008477103,0.000236408,0.0003659691,0.005620935,0.0004592345,0.001004269,0.001134442,0.0003365549,0.0002715114],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004475003,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004414406,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004199366,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003311414,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986119,0.0004163244,0.0003469774,0.0001333971,0.0003740013,0.0001173351],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9852813,0.004639643,0.006993842,0.001057965,0.001692416,0.0003349192],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008468663,0.00002264514,0.9801186,0.0003090432,0.00007663498,0.0003510774,0.004190086,0.0001116147,0.0004143953,0.0001989114,0.000281688,0.0138406],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003208643,0.00006658117,0.9816984,0.0003289082,0.00008455184,0.001304529,0.01153042,0.0002924028,0.0009306439,0.0001190377,0.00362048,0.00002088405],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9940304,0.0009432355,0.0003075636,0.00007184916,0.000007562266,0.00004775189,0.002096487,0.00001171234,0.002483404],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975079,0.0007161004,0.0004076705,0.00001941801,0.000009309962,0.00002308857,0.001082874,0.000004921864,0.0002287049],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.008692578,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008349836,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02566271087481401,"score_gpt":0.3435013091533155,"score_spread":0.3178385982785015,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}