{"id":"W3197496958","doi":"10.1007/s11367-021-01965-3","title":"Life cycle assessment and process simulation of prospective battery-grade cobalt sulfate production from Co-Au ores in Finland","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment","topic":"Extraction and Separation Processes","field":"Engineering","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Business Finland; Aalto-Yliopisto","keywords":"Cobalt; Cobaltite; Environmental science; Raw material; Life-cycle assessment; Metallurgy; Waste management; Materials science; Chemistry; Production (economics); Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005900619,0.0008056309,0.0007442385,0.0009454334,0.0008130016,0.0009723271,0.0007612279,0.001268616,0.001896534],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009143701,0.0003333331,0.001298843,0.0008631537,0.0004203704,0.000461263,0.0004497111,0.0005052412,0.0002217608],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002056365,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001436048,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.04005353,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01654525,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998235,0.00003293623,0.00001273083,0.00003626566,0.00004841021,0.00004620701],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994678,0.0002945509,0.00004413487,0.00002909576,0.00014122,0.00002330991],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001141513,0.00007170331,0.00471249,0.0000609601,0.00002223478,0.0001322843,0.00003188482,0.990007,0.002528564,0.0001893788,0.00007557924,0.002053667],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004633778,0.0003245787,0.003717244,0.00001028937,0.00002848897,0.00002160014,0.00009422629,0.9892892,0.005813227,0.0002032491,0.0004312383,0.00002041614],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9922535,0.0001032899,0.00339524,0.0000416601,0.00001092622,0.00006132697,0.000956768,0.00008731463,0.003090085],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972029,0.00006957322,0.001646249,0.00000582989,0.000001281369,0.00005506026,0.0004327174,0.000007095054,0.0005792524],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04005353,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.07964075,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01971369130601222,"score_gpt":0.3504812139525748,"score_spread":0.3307675226465625,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}