{"id":"W3197778316","doi":"10.19173/irrodl.v22i3.5546","title":"Instructor Presence and Student Satisfaction Across Modalities: Survey Data on Student Preferences in Online and On-Campus Courses","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning","topic":"Communication in Education and Healthcare","field":"Psychology","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Modalities; Attrition; Public university; Medical education; Psychology; Distance education; Higher education; Computer-mediated communication; Online course; Face-to-face; Metropolitan area; Mathematics education; Computer science; The Internet; Medicine; World Wide Web; Sociology","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002872348,0.0001222597,0.0003218904,0.001016354,0.0004086658,0.001147568,0.000293086,0.0004304842,0.003545747],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01466886,0.0001427403,0.000345671,0.001165759,0.0003195702,0.0008239398,0.0007799921,0.0007353293,0.0007264346],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002989564,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003703342,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001522252,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002331248,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977978,0.0008493437,0.0002846921,0.0002096243,0.0006257576,0.000232834],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9821255,0.00662268,0.004955574,0.0005260627,0.002143283,0.003626914],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007954889,0.000245761,0.9876747,0.00001861539,0.00002458415,0.0000152863,0.0008670995,0.00002163983,0.000107617,0.00001646388,0.0003139985,0.01061459],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005048481,0.000254569,0.9968516,0.0000124749,0.000009499353,0.00003826082,0.002182229,0.0001264397,0.00008180911,0.00001727953,0.0004153857,0.000005279211],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9987458,0.000115078,0.0001011128,0.0001026232,0.000005657674,0.00001063469,0.0001483227,0.000004879104,0.0007658111],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991744,0.0001093516,0.00009262538,0.00007252874,0.000009800143,0.00001802354,0.0001769359,0.00000360292,0.0003427403],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003545747,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0151906,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.3620310123626501,"score_gpt":0.6158723650122809,"score_spread":0.2538413526496308,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}