{"id":"W3198862111","doi":"10.3390/met11081265","title":"Chelation-Assisted Ion-Exchange Leaching of Rare Earths from Clay Minerals","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Metals","topic":"Extraction and Separation Processes","field":"Engineering","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Lixiviant; Nitrilotriacetic acid; Leaching (pedology); Chemistry; Chelation; EDDS; Ion exchange; Ammonium sulfate; Inorganic chemistry; Ammonium; Reagent; Sulfate; Ion-exchange resin; Nuclear chemistry; Sulfuric acid; Environmental chemistry; Ion; Chromatography; Environmental science; Soil water; Organic chemistry; Soil science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009035422,0.00008584662,0.0001779861,0.00005177121,0.00003439017,0.00002934157,0.00004711516,0.00006264326,0.002116829],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008817715,0.00008727192,0.00006436962,0.0001717392,0.000008489428,0.0002327071,0.000009734429,0.00008750313,0.0001003905],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001251031,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001633372,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001624201,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00007217559,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993854,0.00003726587,0.0002490765,0.0001108705,0.0001304382,0.00008697418],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995989,0.00008890274,0.00004820881,0.0001412343,0.00008514064,0.00003759659],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003436058,0.00003676304,0.0003369934,0.00009269492,0.0001160303,0.000005329752,0.0006847208,0.008867534,0.9747586,0.0002136893,0.008918059,0.005966159],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003356355,0.000008550785,0.005204577,0.00004168344,0.00004626098,0.000006224386,0.0001502969,0.009300495,0.732458,0.0002319369,0.2520299,0.0001864855],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.872459,0.01038799,0.0178052,0.0005069659,0.0008104832,0.0001313442,0.00008448662,0.0003365498,0.09747799],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9886045,0.0001210358,0.00282696,0.00009375695,0.000118295,0.000008971024,0.0001415887,0.00001631987,0.008068523],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2431118,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9987954,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03071046376682775,"score_gpt":0.2656850005534395,"score_spread":0.2349745367866118,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}