{"id":"W3198862111","doi":"10.3390/met11081265","title":"Chelation-Assisted Ion-Exchange Leaching of Rare Earths from Clay Minerals","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Metals","topic":"Extraction and Separation Processes","field":"Engineering","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Lixiviant; Nitrilotriacetic acid; Leaching (pedology); Chemistry; Chelation; EDDS; Ion exchange; Ammonium sulfate; Inorganic chemistry; Ammonium; Reagent; Sulfate; Ion-exchange resin; Nuclear chemistry; Sulfuric acid; Environmental chemistry; Ion; Chromatography; Environmental science; Soil water; Organic chemistry; Soil science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002712762,0.0003645096,0.0002810128,0.0002062067,0.000141023,0.0002504753,0.0002425462,0.0002836188,0.0004100376],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002973565,0.0001168926,0.0002688653,0.000143663,0.0001765494,0.0002555416,0.000290805,0.0002219856,0.0002077383],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001511473,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002349942,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005567847,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001686235,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998397,0.00003531668,0.00001649915,0.00002758601,0.00004710456,0.00003387008],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998901,0.00002658977,0.00003763861,0.000009495153,0.00002492764,0.00001125377],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004152778,0.000009835737,0.00007115356,0.00005660772,0.000002990513,0.00002573305,0.00001547647,0.00006949421,0.9980483,0.00001976453,0.000006521019,0.001632554],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003377763,0.00009439969,0.0003170323,0.000002481142,0.000004961326,0.00004491631,0.00000884593,0.0002550294,0.9987803,0.00000674337,0.0004789522,0.000002891546],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9919267,0.0008597464,0.006282252,0.00003932058,0.000009894609,0.0000457911,0.00006647715,0.00004245936,0.0007273177],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9850545,0.000983587,0.0115552,0.00003079889,0.000005552491,0.00003002247,0.0001320409,0.00001810333,0.002190268],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0005567847,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.001434684,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03071046376682775,"score_gpt":0.2656850005534395,"score_spread":0.2349745367866118,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}