{"id":"W3199067293","doi":"10.3390/pr9091636","title":"The Long-Term Mitigating Effect of Horizontal Ground-Source Heat Exchangers on Permafrost Thaw Settlement","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Processes","topic":"Climate change and permafrost","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"KGS Group (Canada); Polytechnique Montréal; University of Manitoba","funders":"Mitacs","keywords":"Permafrost; Settlement (finance); Heat exchanger; Geotechnical engineering; Environmental science; Multiphysics; Inlet; Finite element method; Geology; Engineering; Structural engineering; Geomorphology; Mechanical engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002742722,0.0001760196,0.0001962029,0.00002880374,0.0003756628,0.0001400512,0.0001959999,0.00004711735,0.002245221],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001249554,0.0001115647,0.00006719264,0.0002581817,0.0001093454,0.0001315985,0.00002684251,0.0001235954,0.00008586605],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000005719935,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005586348,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004363899,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01498379,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987746,0.00009289566,0.0001970418,0.0002580371,0.0003338312,0.0003436029],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986984,0.000878262,0.00006534878,0.0001890668,0.00008054687,0.00008844418],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007838586,0.00001782253,0.9819021,0.001004099,0.00002617403,0.00003246684,0.001009664,0.00002360258,0.001017239,0.000001992326,0.0003515434,0.01453486],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001165674,0.001876069,0.84409,0.0008037169,0.000121465,0.0001662876,0.003347343,0.0002689967,0.1403416,0.00005741571,0.007121097,0.0006402183],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9831408,0.009294892,0.000005502961,0.00050611,0.0003298131,0.0001811001,0.003592057,0.00002847606,0.002921227],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9939398,0.001775923,0.000005823342,0.000226254,0.0002705783,0.000007882205,0.00356435,0.000008215588,0.0002011636],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1393244,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9986669,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0200623857268864,"score_gpt":0.2512072082537971,"score_spread":0.2311448225269107,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}