{"id":"W3199368817","doi":"10.1515/jbnst-2024-0013","title":"Payment Habits during Covid-19: Evidence from High-Frequency Transaction Data","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Jahrbücher für Nationalökonomie und Statistik","topic":"Consumer Retail Behavior Studies","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Bank of Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak; Business; Database transaction; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); Payment; Computer science; Medicine; Virology; Database; Finance; Internal medicine; Outbreak","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003424967,0.0002598035,0.0003436733,0.001689029,0.0005538793,0.001457894,0.001047621,0.0006736228,0.002839337],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02046807,0.0003241762,0.0003492729,0.006667238,0.000931581,0.0007259166,0.0008774282,0.0007988072,0.0007067564],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001993278,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001726356,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.468104,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.4572272,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9971113,0.001100706,0.0002833662,0.0004243922,0.0007500139,0.0003300951],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9666042,0.01094517,0.0129716,0.002959994,0.005021979,0.001497106],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008566595,0.00003124636,0.9964966,0.00002473936,0.00007551447,0.00005339984,0.0002697578,0.0004949194,0.00004634302,0.00007974511,0.0005905217,0.001751531],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006447671,0.00003878174,0.9953201,0.00002606177,0.00002630541,0.00005991158,0.0008021456,0.002841904,0.00007884193,0.00006578751,0.0007186555,0.00001486667],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.990333,0.0001738435,0.0004731181,0.0001722596,0.000006372029,0.00002827411,0.007805562,0.00001456762,0.0009930221],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9923297,0.0001356954,0.0002461596,0.00003648258,0.000007146782,0.00001427393,0.006947548,0.000006286967,0.0002768249],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.468104,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9307587,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.09106571035195041,"score_gpt":0.3516198374171692,"score_spread":0.2605541270652187,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}