{"id":"W3199375492","doi":"10.3390/life11090966","title":"When Is a Reaction Network a Metabolism? Criteria for Simple Metabolisms That Support Growth and Division of Protocells","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Life","topic":"Origins and Evolution of Life","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Protocell; Growth rate; Cell division; Biophysics; Metabolism; Cell; Division (mathematics); Chemistry; Volume (thermodynamics); Reaction rate; Biological system; Biochemistry; Membrane; Biology; Biochemical engineering; Thermodynamics; Mathematics; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001610046,0.0001328307,0.0003175889,0.00002874449,0.00009943512,0.00005028938,0.00006453919,0.00004149853,0.0006760577],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001318878,0.000120781,0.0001302229,0.00009326114,0.00002775261,0.0002139387,0.00006160974,0.00006396016,0.000004676098],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000003200651,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008245697,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001373473,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001186305,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990888,0.00003905187,0.0002515992,0.0002464451,0.0001454324,0.0002287311],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999387,0.00004569182,0.0001502932,0.0001846354,0.0001123955,0.0001200219],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003872041,0.0009312295,0.1908273,0.000679385,0.001007159,0.000003169473,0.003866843,0.00002066752,0.04892529,0.1727399,0.5629207,0.01769114],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001718899,0.00008630457,0.02608246,0.00003676572,0.0002037857,0.000001157832,0.0003786749,0.0005145982,0.0608329,0.06389593,0.8459095,0.0003390654],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.924979,0.0008990826,0.05702597,0.004024045,0.001356794,0.00339207,0.001427104,0.00008985321,0.006806043],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9937172,0.00001427121,0.004137292,0.0004496899,0.000912805,0.000202768,0.0001245423,0.00002011649,0.000421325],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2829887,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7402358,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02606538533734064,"score_gpt":0.285770507864005,"score_spread":0.2597051225266643,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}