{"id":"W3199760726","doi":"10.1088/1748-9326/ac269b","title":"Arctic rain on snow events: bridging observations to understand environmental and livelihood impacts","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Research Letters","topic":"Cryospheric studies and observations","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":84,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"European Commission; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Snowpack; Snow; Arctic; Environmental science; Livelihood; Thunder; Physical geography; Meteorology; Geography; Oceanography; Agriculture; Geology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003613334,0.0001562666,0.0001353364,0.00006064115,0.0006862272,0.00008275037,0.0001395526,0.00003531836,0.002360326],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000155609,0.0001518466,0.0000509357,0.000199677,0.0001844348,0.0001838146,0.0001012384,0.0002778614,0.0004442396],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001366281,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002103569,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003056639,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003696463,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979319,0.0001720392,0.0001752868,0.0004447466,0.0007125722,0.0005634486],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989234,0.0004962764,0.00002817813,0.0002403615,0.000003923414,0.000307825],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005195,0.0001241657,0.9658822,0.00001354028,0.00006809322,0.00009710227,0.001646432,0.001210418,0.01379256,0.00002384858,0.003808063,0.01328158],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003572887,0.000148373,0.9905427,0.00003915828,0.000007374966,0.00001013875,0.004897162,0.0002819235,0.0002710173,0.0001103839,0.003165923,0.0001685479],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9843488,0.0005837287,0.0001635465,0.01421802,0.00009419261,0.0002790768,0.000182371,0.00001269575,0.0001175473],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9933898,0.0006708822,0.0006795396,0.004545571,0.0001042904,0.000005000525,0.0001964917,0.000009448585,0.000398959],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02466047,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9985517,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0567237667371907,"score_gpt":0.2669308259083232,"score_spread":0.2102070591711325,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}