{"id":"W3200356422","doi":"10.1093/mnras/stab2742","title":"Ionizing radiation from AGNs at <i>z</i> &amp;gt; 3.3 with the Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam Survey and the CFHT Large Area U-band Deep Survey (CLAUDS)","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society","topic":"Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics; Saint Mary's University","funders":"Planetary Science Division; National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science; National Research Council Canada; Science Mission Directorate; Eötvös Loránd Tudományegyetem; National Astronomical Observatory of Japan; National Central University; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Toray Science Foundation; High Energy Accelerator Research Organization; University of Tokyo; Max-Planck-Gesellschaft; Cabinet Office, Government of Japan; University of Maryland; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Japan Science and Technology Agency; U.S. Department of Energy; Smithsonian Institution; Canadian Foundation for AIDS Research; Japan Science and Technology Corporation; Queen's University Belfast; Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie; University of Edinburgh; Space Telescope Science Institute; Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory; Huntington Society of Canada; California Earthquake Authority; Queen's University; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; Princeton University; Johns Hopkins University; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Durham University; Foundation for Ichthyosis and Related Skin Types; Ministry of Finance; Higher Education Funding Council for England; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; University of Hawai'i; Academia Sinica; Compute Canada; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Physics; Astrophysics; Redshift; Photometry (optics); Flux (metallurgy); Ionizing radiation; Astronomy; Active galactic nucleus; Galaxy; Stars; Irradiation; Nuclear physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003025967,0.0002213022,0.0002122651,0.001468297,0.0002435492,0.0004649189,0.0002517049,0.0002108091,0.0008858817],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004908162,0.0001077656,0.0003161254,0.001128705,0.0002364654,0.0001740599,0.0004232843,0.0002044628,0.0002291713],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005289118,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002325981,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02078043,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02824715,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999797,0.00001744729,0.000009364304,0.0000417544,0.00006653169,0.00006786391],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991544,0.00006571363,0.0003833289,0.00008712202,0.00009445793,0.0002150003],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001146927,0.00002355783,0.9871641,0.00001189244,0.00004283857,0.00009927709,0.00009279156,0.0004772889,0.006092553,0.0000606296,0.0007681206,0.005052255],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000246115,0.000009270938,0.9986552,0.000001755021,0.000008795094,0.00004784959,0.00001680985,0.0003721888,0.000601832,0.00001261383,0.0002692563,0.000001913144],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9965832,0.00005923667,0.000250422,0.00002082693,0.000002714779,0.00000731484,0.001947884,0.00005364684,0.001074797],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9954224,0.00003434973,0.0006090223,0.00002874939,0.00001072228,0.000007610925,0.003646314,0.000009558446,0.0002313214],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02078043,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04131889,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.009491480659829337,"score_gpt":0.1876388852958609,"score_spread":0.1781474046360316,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}