{"id":"W3200894819","doi":"10.3390/ijerph18199982","title":"Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Loneliness and Social Isolation: A Multi-Country Study","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","topic":"Health disparities and outcomes","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":202,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Nipissing University","funders":"Ulster University; Trinity College Dublin; Global Brain Health Institute","keywords":"Loneliness; Social isolation; Pandemic; Isolation (microbiology); Public health; Psychological intervention; Mental health; Social distance; Psychology; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Environmental health; Medicine; Gerontology; Social psychology; Psychiatry; Nursing; Disease","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004265282,0.00005638798,0.0001483668,0.0001087978,0.0006665455,0.0001062275,0.0002287679,0.00004480933,0.0002208863],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001228942,0.00003897584,0.00005422558,0.0001192219,0.0003553602,0.0001810608,0.0001143551,0.0003932396,8.445269e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009729239,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002561816,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004182676,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003492533,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9969841,0.001066175,0.0003489051,0.0001077211,0.001196977,0.0002961363],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985846,0.0006160895,0.0001953073,0.00005726989,0.0001294177,0.0004172851],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006653702,0.0008021619,0.9826385,0.00001496666,0.00005700565,0.00001113425,0.009256057,0.00000294578,0.000009075846,0.0007414679,0.0005020261,0.005898128],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009810969,0.0002533426,0.9638672,0.00001376623,0.000001331879,0.0000289662,0.02198548,0.00001433187,2.976892e-7,0.0002197646,0.01260159,0.00003279146],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9532195,0.000415524,0.00004714464,0.04583744,0.0001805978,0.0001515714,0.00007216211,0.00000175672,0.00007429055],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9955871,0.001844502,0.00002197199,0.002106708,0.0002795639,0.000002097914,0.000003440053,0.000004036185,0.000150658],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04373074,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6322983,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.2342510444236801,"score_gpt":0.527229602041023,"score_spread":0.2929785576173429,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}