{"id":"W3201942753","doi":"10.1029/2021gl094621","title":"Hygroscopic Seeding Effects of Giant Aerosol Particles Simulated by the Lagrangian‐Particle‐Based Direct Numerical Simulation","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Geophysical Research Letters","topic":"Particle Dynamics in Fluid Flows","field":"Engineering","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"National Center for Atmospheric Research","keywords":"Seeding; Supersaturation; Aerosol; Adiabatic process; Cloud condensation nuclei; Turbulence; Mechanics; Coalescence (physics); Particle (ecology); Condensation; Entrainment (biomusicology); Computer simulation; Atmospheric sciences; Meteorology; Physics; Thermodynamics; Geology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003819458,0.000185109,0.0002826641,0.00004743519,0.0001672528,0.00009103634,0.0002874628,0.00007230197,0.00001750507],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009674312,0.0001552211,0.0001261765,0.001063471,0.0002538688,0.0001452288,0.0000989554,0.0004994614,0.00009027913],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001295716,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003383482,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004954666,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003023606,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9973126,0.0003981045,0.0003123351,0.0003180539,0.0008502638,0.0008086426],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99573,0.003410091,0.00002761788,0.0004953547,0.0001526919,0.0001841952],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001805921,0.00008548019,0.000222298,0.00008264468,0.00004196555,0.00002713725,0.0001175672,0.3313279,0.6665093,0.0000634,0.0004757989,0.001028483],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000373168,0.0000352665,0.001599624,0.00004221228,0.00001419107,2.84625e-7,0.00001259791,0.6086254,0.3891078,0.00003249916,0.00005773739,0.00009931154],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9918782,0.0002179836,0.005967652,0.001214634,0.0001578775,0.0003164646,0.00001178587,0.0001648658,0.00007058649],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993572,0.000006763517,0.0001984838,0.0002262599,0.00009362934,0.00003656221,0.00001248875,0.00004687707,0.00002177858],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2774015,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6329734,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02158589442454025,"score_gpt":0.3022488388067472,"score_spread":0.280662944382207,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}