{"id":"W3202322444","doi":"10.1093/applin/amab044","title":"Affordances of Plurilingual Instruction in Higher Education: A Mixed Methods Study with a Quasi-experiment in an English Language Program","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Linguistics","topic":"Second Language Learning and Teaching","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Affordance; Psychology; Mathematics education; Applied linguistics; Competence (human resources); Empathy; Pedagogy; Multilingualism; English language; Linguistics; Cognitive psychology; Social psychology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003382862,0.0001371221,0.0002497384,0.0001256806,0.00006923296,0.00009225827,0.00009234174,0.00003571714,0.000316539],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001774875,0.0001231993,0.00002127341,0.0001163753,0.0000699927,0.00002349784,0.00002855689,0.0002623121,8.699819e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004049761,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001343146,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009157131,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006307338,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989606,0.0001622597,0.0003024024,0.0002655167,0.0001416516,0.0001675955],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993864,0.00008877642,0.0001187066,0.0002229763,0.0001462852,0.0000369118],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001022536,0.004109915,0.004443855,0.00008463865,0.00004136893,0.00004134381,0.6814458,0.00009143547,0.00009920375,0.1676691,0.000008396215,0.1418627],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001487888,0.0007364752,0.002080093,0.00009099283,0.00004344271,0.000001542032,0.9589521,0.00008963392,0.00113649,0.0003009777,0.03477528,0.000305096],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9610091,0.0003419889,0.000009392191,0.000004856711,0.001088058,0.0003044959,0.000002374034,0.00007611093,0.03716364],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9783819,0.000001008849,0.01956525,0.00004141648,0.001408973,0.0001277835,0.00004305444,0.00002276467,0.000407885],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2775063,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5023919,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02911867225170593,"score_gpt":0.3450316386752196,"score_spread":0.3159129664235136,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}