{"id":"W3205053887","doi":"10.1111/risa.13834","title":"The “Inherent Vices” of Policy Design: Uncertainty, Maliciousness, and Noncompliance","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Risk Analysis","topic":"Public Policy and Administration Research","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"National University of Singapore","keywords":"Portfolio; Risk analysis (engineering); Public policy; Work (physics); Government (linguistics); Risk management; Volatility (finance); Management science; Product (mathematics); Economics; Computer science; Actuarial science; Public economics; Business; Engineering; Finance","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.1496133,0.001285255,0.001273582,0.002823313,0.005871556,0.02224841,0.002673421,0.007526008,0.001799245],"category_scores_gemma":[0.2081191,0.001243654,0.001285383,0.001991532,0.05800568,0.01667714,0.008936797,0.01021673,0.0003595494],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.009772085,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01871715,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002589005,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002124164,"domain_scores_codex":[0.7872221,0.16796,0.007580744,0.008785111,0.02360278,0.00484921],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.7291564,0.1980701,0.02763966,0.02759181,0.01289939,0.004642486],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000369433,0.00003462263,0.002754866,0.0001749201,0.00009331375,0.0000935571,0.003196854,0.005792839,0.0001941927,0.9707716,0.0009900385,0.01586626],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002324849,0.00005062038,0.0007262437,0.0002874779,0.00003497981,0.00008976361,0.001370841,0.005564386,0.0006140036,0.9809398,0.01024598,0.00005256504],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.09530909,0.005452109,0.5392441,0.230221,0.001255012,0.0005366302,0.00009428263,0.0003469319,0.1275407],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.940397,0.001499785,0.04898697,0.005578975,0.0003992901,0.0004902868,0.00001844936,0.0000950246,0.002534203],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.1496133,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.79124,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04196929245662911,"score_gpt":0.4011777726429622,"score_spread":0.3592084801863331,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}