{"id":"W3206141882","doi":"10.1109/igarss47720.2021.9553254","title":"Ship Detection and Classification in EO/IR VHR Satellite Imagery","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Defence Research and Development Canada; Centre For Cold Ocean Resources Engineering","funders":"Defence Research and Development Canada","keywords":"Computer science; Convolutional neural network; Artificial intelligence; Pattern recognition (psychology); Thresholding; Contextual image classification; Satellite; Support vector machine; Linear discriminant analysis; False alarm; False positive paradox; Remote sensing; Masking (illustration); Object detection; Image (mathematics)","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001408407,0.00009981891,0.0001009919,0.0001097885,0.00002696932,0.00008137979,0.00003152673,0.00008704933,0.00001820232],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008846811,0.000111218,0.00002112329,0.0003014989,0.00002698207,0.0002127994,0.00001118698,0.0001407742,0.00007356702],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001082083,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001326943,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008096278,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001388379,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993058,0.00004099635,0.0002078267,0.0002086006,0.000089136,0.0001476693],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995884,0.00006301507,0.00002097262,0.0002315468,0.00005356959,0.00004253306],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002880342,0.000008931874,0.001095794,0.00003703024,0.00000445803,0.00000840164,0.00009108522,0.000170887,0.8028245,0.0001088827,0.00005145197,0.1955957],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002001773,0.000005887608,0.5054023,0.00002789551,0.000007606495,0.00003728783,0.0001935393,0.2511793,0.2389574,0.000339957,0.003461452,0.0001872453],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8935848,0.0008176306,0.06798048,0.0004550697,0.0003906956,0.0001619767,0.000001152655,0.000525456,0.03608277],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9949879,0.0003973848,0.003989023,0.00003435988,0.0000481754,0.000003641363,0.00001193256,0.00002543121,0.0005021322],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5638671,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4535338,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02412537431037865,"score_gpt":0.2282214933229447,"score_spread":0.2040961190125661,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}