{"id":"W3206232760","doi":"10.1017/rdc.2021.88","title":"RADIOCARBON AND ATMOSPHERIC<sup>14</sup>CO<sub>2</sub>PIONEER ATHOL RAFTER","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Radiocarbon","topic":"Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"McGill University","keywords":"Radiocarbon dating; Accelerator mass spectrometry; Carbon fibers; TRACER; Carbon cycle; Environmental science; Carbon atom; Environmental chemistry; Geology; Chemistry; Materials science; Nuclear physics; Physics; Paleontology","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002410778,0.0004624857,0.0004349837,0.000004058206,0.0002245782,0.00008380253,0.0002503694,0.0002641269,0.0008700672],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002981212,0.0004819462,0.0001636705,0.0002999585,0.0005153286,0.0002838029,0.0003395452,0.0003611075,0.0004476895],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000408815,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002219513,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001200088,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002210509,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9972402,0.000122726,0.0003695941,0.0009501879,0.0006087739,0.0007085172],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987832,0.00005540612,0.0001072503,0.0006652275,0.000006245359,0.0003827054],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001955062,0.0007288635,0.3994315,0.00009286666,0.0002859866,0.001458023,0.005367445,0.2258501,0.1781165,0.0001762517,0.007762031,0.180535],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0045162,0.0004859189,0.3383636,0.0001261113,0.0003855746,0.001352632,0.001568131,0.5624612,0.01873342,0.001422168,0.06739629,0.00318874],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9856217,0.001289757,0.003874728,0.00036935,0.0001621319,0.0002755941,0.000004233212,0.0001311512,0.008271373],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9795773,0.001429722,0.01577676,0.001083261,0.0001524706,0.00003466181,0.00002651345,0.0001039266,0.00181541],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3366111,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997633,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.003853041159794417,"score_gpt":0.1816554024618904,"score_spread":0.1778023613020959,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}