{"id":"W3207856197","doi":"10.1051/0004-6361/202039030","title":"The Milky Way bar and bulge revealed by APOGEE and <i>Gaia</i> EDR3","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Astronomy and Astrophysics","topic":"Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":113,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory; Horizon 2020 Framework Programme; University of Colorado Boulder; Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias; Office of Science; Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie; Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik; Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos; Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico; Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação; Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior; Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo; Dirección General de Asuntos del Personal Académico, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; University of Oxford; York University; Carnegie Institution for Science; Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades; Banco Santander; Leibniz-Gemeinschaft; University of Notre Dame; European Regional Development Fund; Carnegie Mellon University; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; University of Washington; European Space Agency; Johns Hopkins University; Carnegie Institution of Washington; University of Utah; Ohio State University; National Science Foundation; U.S. Department of Energy; Smithsonian Institution; New Mexico State University; University of Portsmouth; Vanderbilt University; Agencia Estatal de Investigación; Yale University; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación; European Commission","keywords":"Astrophysics; Physics; Bulge; Milky Way; Stars; Galaxy; Metallicity; Thick disk; Astronomy; Star formation; Population; Halo","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008442423,0.0002808915,0.0003073637,0.00001199203,0.0006486162,0.0001784528,0.00009014425,0.00003549984,0.00003708604],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000005330546,0.0002237887,0.00006037232,0.00007127213,0.0002436978,0.0001318997,0.000164691,0.0002213696,0.00001166547],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000006414445,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003225384,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007474329,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003574455,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987926,0.00005987666,0.0002202794,0.0004066075,0.0001239478,0.0003967028],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992102,0.0002470374,0.00009789066,0.0002461439,0.00005238106,0.0001463386],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003490835,0.00007181042,0.5983257,0.00001824816,0.000327034,0.000003589054,0.0002598095,0.000004304598,0.0003405385,0.004697645,0.005807469,0.3901089],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002892562,0.0002835458,0.3043509,0.00008002071,0.0004286885,0.00002192257,0.003400802,0.000113835,0.003328722,0.004475375,0.6796789,0.0009447507],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9534278,0.009225553,0.01560476,0.001685041,0.0003904156,0.0003760963,0.0001767082,0.00004367498,0.01906994],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.994763,0.0004202237,0.003224682,0.00009352015,0.0005062248,0.00001901083,0.0001063873,0.0000227416,0.0008441994],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6738715,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9125839,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.004971528928997897,"score_gpt":0.186078825781733,"score_spread":0.1811072968527351,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}