{"id":"W3210142070","doi":"10.1016/j.jslw.2021.100850","title":"What works may hurt: The negative side of feedback in second language writing","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Second Language Writing","topic":"Student Assessment and Feedback","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":56,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Negative feedback; Constructive; Quality (philosophy); Psychology; Corrective feedback; Peer feedback; Feedback loop; Positive feedback; Second language writing; Social psychology; Computer science; Second language; Mathematics education; Linguistics; Computer security","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002580275,0.0001653505,0.0004361656,0.000154873,0.0002654473,0.0006130465,0.0004494925,0.0001301498,0.004915409],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006108703,0.0001360987,0.0002211118,0.0006068611,0.0001854634,0.001557206,0.0001219409,0.0007552979,0.000009563178],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001245241,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002849295,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001958351,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008804001,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9973853,0.0004853165,0.0008777487,0.0001848599,0.000621549,0.0004452135],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9972553,0.001400973,0.000769328,0.0001724517,0.0002950777,0.0001068747],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008999246,0.0002931425,0.03680032,0.0002204833,0.0003353173,0.002364413,0.7838211,0.00004049722,0.04846539,0.001553629,0.001058134,0.1249576],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009327623,0.00003360275,0.02308882,0.001322494,0.00003222717,0.00004474467,0.9677101,0.00001313132,0.005976073,0.0001449164,0.0005328788,0.000168188],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":"qualitative","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9491678,0.01168171,0.000008375044,0.001214333,0.000442895,0.0001306075,0.000005794577,0.00001089891,0.03733755],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9949793,0.0004639158,0.0007091709,0.0006040308,0.001070113,0.00000260891,0.00000320176,0.00002037919,0.002147247],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1838891,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9959942,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01804869953246795,"score_gpt":0.3317763591081531,"score_spread":0.3137276595756851,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}