{"id":"W3210179269","doi":"10.3389/fpubh.2021.751197","title":"The Determinants of the Low COVID-19 Transmission and Mortality Rates in Africa: A Cross-Country Analysis","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Frontiers in Public Health","topic":"Immune responses and vaccinations","field":"Immunology and Microbiology","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"International Development Research Centre","keywords":"Demography; Pandemic; Epidemiology; Population; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Regression analysis; Transmission (telecommunications); Geography; Index (typography); Medicine; Environmental health; Statistics; Mathematics; Disease","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005721807,0.0006330778,0.0008190036,0.001826047,0.0007295221,0.001373124,0.0007453326,0.0005997148,0.003492656],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008568285,0.0005251404,0.002733348,0.002984822,0.000519123,0.0007796989,0.001497509,0.001257569,0.0003671756],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005167993,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006611947,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01989061,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01225279,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9971893,0.001504536,0.000208051,0.0004673658,0.0001573129,0.0004734128],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9934075,0.002644993,0.002251256,0.000670564,0.0005822915,0.0004434942],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001099142,0.00004559381,0.9950677,0.0000792862,0.001336103,0.0001845025,0.0003426665,0.0005045939,0.0001004509,0.0001299646,0.0003815271,0.001717675],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001230895,0.0001148487,0.9939318,0.0001139129,0.0009200333,0.0003069652,0.001342797,0.002207303,0.00008726667,0.0001158393,0.0008316296,0.00001530877],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9948308,0.001110374,0.001099215,0.0001893966,0.00002982281,0.00003756308,0.002097381,0.00001017071,0.0005954437],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976374,0.0003475457,0.0005179436,0.00004700556,0.00001517085,0.00004714208,0.001240855,0.000009111722,0.0001377283],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01989061,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03954965,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03142421979462522,"score_gpt":0.341557702197556,"score_spread":0.3101334824029308,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}