{"id":"W3210433833","doi":"10.1021/acsengineeringau.1c00011","title":"Durable Polylactic Acid (PLA)-Based Sustainable Engineered Blends and Biocomposites: Recent Developments, Challenges, and Opportunities","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACS Engineering Au","topic":"biodegradable polymer synthesis and properties","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":280,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Foundation for Innovation; Canada Research Chairs; Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs; Ontario Ministry of Economic Development, Job Creation and Trade; Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; University of Guelph","keywords":"Polylactic acid; Carbon footprint; Renewable energy; Materials science; Renewable resource; Toughness; Carbon fibers; Fossil fuel; Durability; Waste management; Composite material; Composite number; Greenhouse gas; Polymer; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003726257,0.0002481095,0.0002923006,0.0001151647,0.0001816141,0.0001678079,0.0001231378,0.000096385,0.00007349974],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001083868,0.0002287542,0.00002079459,0.0000938716,0.0000508354,0.0002511999,0.0001179364,0.0001075993,0.000005802039],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008452608,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002900301,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008089378,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008800062,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986579,0.00004777177,0.0002290264,0.0003420472,0.0001748075,0.0005483793],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993283,0.000109296,0.00004429972,0.0002549135,0.00009335204,0.0001698925],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005978239,0.0000795665,0.00006375686,0.001610374,0.00008808633,0.0002024976,0.00208165,0.0001386107,0.899915,0.006353659,0.0001811197,0.0892259],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002994461,0.00004857828,0.0004512517,0.0001311217,0.00002933911,0.00005602158,0.0009532194,0.0005443852,0.9434362,0.00002040814,0.05368445,0.0003455862],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5870713,0.4037294,0.0007685336,0.005870369,0.0005034385,0.000193287,0.00002571735,0.0003821652,0.001455806],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9831827,0.01171594,0.003842792,0.0001361572,0.00006412837,0.00004681457,0.00001170292,0.00004086761,0.000958867],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3961115,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9328327,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03660404199083771,"score_gpt":0.2041404326642516,"score_spread":0.1675363906734139,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}