{"id":"W3211022704","doi":"10.1109/ccece53047.2021.9569097","title":"Anomaly Detection on Smart Meters Using Hierarchical Self Organizing Maps","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Electricity Theft Detection Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Anomaly detection; Metering mode; Smart meter; Computer science; Anomaly (physics); Smart grid; Automatic meter reading; Data mining; Artificial intelligence; Real-time computing; Engineering; Telecommunications; Electrical engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009827206,0.0005186996,0.0004998918,0.00177317,0.000372556,0.0006458957,0.0006791014,0.0005647304,0.0004077058],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003665359,0.0002070282,0.000482096,0.001052978,0.0003561424,0.000985426,0.0006245638,0.0004781006,0.0002337854],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004724701,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004125175,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00542399,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00708699,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990857,0.0002861319,0.00004879296,0.00015891,0.0003321955,0.00008827415],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977755,0.001162449,0.0002389531,0.000187606,0.0005807373,0.00005474652],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005085603,0.0004484165,0.02660237,0.0001332489,0.0002473629,0.0003811996,0.0003241801,0.5008294,0.02312016,0.002718592,0.003293543,0.441393],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000338364,0.00003258889,0.00235577,0.000002243657,0.000006554186,0.00003373583,0.00002783393,0.9934215,0.002743052,0.00112636,0.000240888,0.000006201326],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3521096,0.0002541913,0.6425768,0.0002163214,0.00006755179,0.00009149306,0.0002842128,0.003124934,0.00127488],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8996387,0.00006867496,0.09912544,0.00003918619,0.00002776958,0.00003610831,0.0003826066,0.00004267237,0.0006388854],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00542399,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01078486,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01021022196509834,"score_gpt":0.2066924567307587,"score_spread":0.1964822347656603,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}