{"id":"W3212455968","doi":"10.1177/09567976211031208","title":"Harsh but Expedient: Dominant Leaders Increase Group Cooperation via Threat of Punishment","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Psychological Science","topic":"Evolutionary Game Theory and Cooperation","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; York University","keywords":"Psychology; Punishment (psychology); Group (periodic table); Social psychology; Criminology; Chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009485178,0.0002326378,0.000206401,0.000231442,0.0003217944,0.0006446375,0.000204379,0.0003916985,0.003162748],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005400467,0.0001608302,0.00008960626,0.0000933777,0.000511378,0.0002958409,0.0008278515,0.0005067178,0.0002541654],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001989521,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002752542,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005050994,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001623245,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994,0.0002906219,0.00001685883,0.00009016933,0.0001204263,0.00008177754],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.996338,0.001281949,0.001074553,0.000368179,0.0001761045,0.0007611397],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.003216534,0.002231663,0.5562652,0.0004587778,0.0002769828,0.002563431,0.009397552,0.002976489,0.2706576,0.0119368,0.003883201,0.1361358],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001999797,0.002413044,0.9662498,0.00004391464,0.00007314567,0.001237592,0.002723723,0.00493341,0.008850184,0.009712542,0.003524752,0.00003788806],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9954988,0.00004828506,0.0007350901,0.0001102598,0.000006506546,0.000005394563,0.000008143932,0.0000102979,0.003577181],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991454,0.00001951475,0.0003747843,0.00005426293,0.000004396045,0.000004284329,0.000005812096,0.000003344259,0.0003882876],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003162748,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01058042,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04466353783427308,"score_gpt":0.3689435076021036,"score_spread":0.3242799697678305,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}