{"id":"W3213294357","doi":"10.1080/10564934.2021.1987839","title":"PISA and Education Reform in Europe: Cases of Policy Inertia, Avoidance, and Refraction","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"European Education","topic":"Global Educational Policies and Reforms","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Brock University","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Equity (law); Political science; Demographic economics; Inertia; Economics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003379544,0.00007267774,0.00008642239,0.0001439396,0.0001645308,0.0000502352,0.00006443399,0.00002904626,0.00001931938],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008984006,0.0000653893,0.0000132602,0.0006937393,0.0001408672,0.0002780748,0.0000356872,0.00008326129,0.00001197486],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002536357,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002084811,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0212048,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002044871,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991349,0.0002068023,0.0002110119,0.0001710445,0.0001362936,0.0001399396],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999307,0.0000359056,0.0001203722,0.0001239199,0.0003155275,0.00009722722],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002904996,0.001251993,0.02973021,0.0001569221,0.00001566596,0.000003679536,0.04166387,0.000006544893,0.002640427,0.3041803,0.01323565,0.6070857],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001004108,0.0000258491,0.5864308,0.00009897696,0.000007137569,0.00003070702,0.03433305,0.000001733929,0.0001580277,0.00138644,0.3773143,0.0001125523],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7492342,0.001427376,0.000001089707,0.007191713,0.0004563746,0.00008612127,0.000002611027,0.00001117339,0.2415894],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9796934,0.002208386,0.0001976401,0.0007802506,0.0007035097,0.000005303247,0.00002944024,0.00001073864,0.01637135],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6069731,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9853131,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01220751384508519,"score_gpt":0.3274607655791626,"score_spread":0.3152532517340774,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}