{"id":"W3213489843","doi":"10.1002/lno.11978","title":"Tipping points and multiple drivers in changing aquatic ecosystems: A review of experimental studies","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Limnology and Oceanography","topic":"Ecosystem dynamics and resilience","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":41,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Rimouski; Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Tipping point (physics); Ecosystem; Marine ecosystem; Context (archaeology); Habitat; Environmental resource management; Ecology; Freshwater ecosystem; Environmental science; Aquatic ecosystem; Environmental change; Climate change; Geography; Biology; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002538017,0.001157584,0.002702885,0.004490733,0.0003549062,0.001483034,0.001555323,0.001051815,0.003045745],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004360288,0.000536775,0.001445755,0.005475545,0.0008647948,0.001933694,0.000929822,0.001024885,0.0007103095],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007529233,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002408141,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001898366,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002901939,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999329,0.000151687,0.0001681409,0.000152478,0.0001675632,0.00003116571],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9964834,0.002546695,0.0003612269,0.00009082433,0.0004441359,0.00007364127],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"systematic_review","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002257742,0.0001778814,0.0008268169,0.2078517,0.0008250558,0.0002043159,0.0002295624,0.0003391117,0.001286083,0.002672768,0.007898144,0.7774628],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001001265,0.0009236477,0.01234732,0.1796882,0.006870997,0.002599829,0.0007022849,0.0003164287,0.002173946,0.004795947,0.7892979,0.0001833524],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0001960765,0.9993525,0.00008238287,0.00007693287,0.0000467858,0.000008716061,0.00002848958,0.000003206823,0.0002048995],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.001133444,0.9985005,0.0001584055,0.00006942022,0.00003668009,0.00001244831,0.00002668574,0.000001336277,0.00006111281],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.004490733,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01342243,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02355028410837343,"score_gpt":0.2983449130342378,"score_spread":0.2747946289258644,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}