{"id":"W3213733289","doi":"10.1017/psa.2022.65","title":"Prospects for Analogue Confirmation","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Philosophy of Science","topic":"Epistemology, Ethics, and Metaphysics","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Inference; Analogical reasoning; Computer science; Domain (mathematical analysis); Analogy; Cognitive science; Value (mathematics); Conjecture; Artificial intelligence; Position (finance); Epistemology; Mathematics; Philosophy; Psychology; Machine learning; Pure mathematics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000666738,0.00005091542,0.0001035041,0.0001023157,0.0009466975,0.00002821292,0.000282717,0.000007617822,0.0001084016],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005828749,0.00004823596,0.00004833922,0.00008786908,0.002269998,0.0002145937,0.00005762795,0.00008217368,0.000004213193],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002419902,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000914827,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003625597,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001409417,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992694,0.00001832767,0.0001424693,0.0001574863,0.0002790061,0.0001333735],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994562,0.00006051851,0.0001219307,0.0001315655,0.0002008366,0.00002897337],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000006922713,0.00004109971,0.00002884746,0.00003589898,0.000003114318,1.68624e-7,0.01210436,0.00001956408,0.001067646,0.9863431,0.0001840132,0.0001652532],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002340413,0.0003167437,0.0001570286,0.000007682179,0.0000122388,0.000001485834,0.002078867,0.0004160155,0.002101046,0.9450092,0.04955558,0.0001100608],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3199303,0.0004620465,0.0006025847,0.0167598,0.005056297,0.00147611,0.0004881429,0.0001383856,0.6550863],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986649,0.000001531792,0.0001823227,0.0004129581,0.0002646738,0.00004674499,0.000008090808,0.000003780843,0.0004149699],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6787346,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8363902,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1116985754128752,"score_gpt":0.2915006211290733,"score_spread":0.179802045716198,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}