{"id":"W3214901597","doi":"10.1038/s41467-021-26703-z","title":"A deep learning framework identifies dimensional representations of Alzheimer’s Disease from brain structure","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Communications","topic":"Functional Brain Connectivity Studies","field":"Neuroscience","cited_by":101,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"St Joseph's Health Care; St Joseph's Health Centre; Sunnybrook Health Science Centre","funders":"Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco; National Institute on Drug Abuse; National Institute on Aging; National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; McDonnell Center for Systems Neuroscience; Wake Forest School of Medicine; University of California, San Francisco; Genentech; IXICO; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation; School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison; Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen; H. Lundbeck A/S; Servier; Eisai; Northern California Institute for Research and Education; University of Washington; Pfizer; Biogen; BioClinica; F. Hoffmann-La Roche; University of Southern California; Meso Scale Diagnostics; Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative; Eli Lilly and Company; Bristol-Myers Squibb; Alzheimer's Association; National Institutes of Health; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; Foundation for the National Institutes of Health","keywords":"Neurodegeneration; Neuroimaging; Neuroscience; Dementia; Artificial intelligence; Disease; Cluster analysis; Alzheimer's disease; Cognition; Computer science; Medicine; Machine learning; Psychology; Pathology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001753533,0.0009688408,0.0006782406,0.0009349345,0.0003070154,0.0008908317,0.0008222841,0.0007325805,0.0007307631],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003449056,0.0003202998,0.0008847181,0.0006047362,0.0006504814,0.0007672186,0.001086151,0.001632108,0.0003549645],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009719728,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000993902,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003104932,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00562387,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994898,0.0002213733,0.00001977081,0.000137189,0.00008825168,0.00004358159],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991158,0.0004670627,0.0001156896,0.0001471477,0.0001100892,0.0000443343],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002962959,0.0002632075,0.01907361,0.0002147537,0.0005497722,0.0001862076,0.0002439916,0.5785105,0.0150279,0.02673214,0.01104761,0.347854],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008891958,0.00004805773,0.002218937,0.00002240847,0.00001952524,0.0000630294,0.0000212396,0.9677815,0.001721499,0.02704494,0.001035037,0.00001498784],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.08111165,0.0008364921,0.9127324,0.001170945,0.00004220091,0.00008121168,0.001285186,0.001160398,0.001579394],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8218624,0.0005236462,0.1728162,0.0004717895,0.00006360533,0.0001468534,0.002052053,0.00009827776,0.00196528],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.003104932,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009273708,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0418494189365877,"score_gpt":0.3414994887050685,"score_spread":0.2996500697684808,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}