{"id":"W3215053234","doi":"10.1007/s11666-021-01286-9","title":"Numerical Simulation of the Effect of Particle and Substrate Preheating on Porosity Level and Residual Stress of As-sprayed Ti6Al4V Components","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Journal of Thermal Spray Technology","topic":"High-Temperature Coating Behaviors","field":"Engineering","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Particle (ecology); Gas dynamic cold spray; Deformation (meteorology); Porosity; Composite material; Thermal spraying; Residual stress; Particle velocity; Particle density; Substrate (aquarium); Creep; Titanium alloy; Stress (linguistics); Coating; Metallurgy; Mechanics; Alloy; Volume (thermodynamics); Thermodynamics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004257506,0.0002268445,0.001265722,0.0001434649,0.00003454195,0.000009286686,0.0002109665,0.0003912883,0.000004329962],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002770863,0.0001495098,0.0001545107,0.0002912934,0.0001410571,0.00004972101,0.00007799252,0.0007110457,2.252571e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004063192,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003639122,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008016445,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002575637,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983652,0.0002803544,0.0008356004,0.0001269878,0.0002428224,0.0001490381],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983394,0.0004737535,0.0008181197,0.0002386022,0.00009311878,0.00003696178],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002176701,0.0003164102,0.0714208,0.01697876,0.001244411,0.0001179539,0.0004134601,0.113196,0.6645724,0.0001754227,0.00001220683,0.1313345],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00178251,0.002350478,0.02744971,0.03006644,0.001872164,0.0003546973,0.00005472094,0.0008506895,0.9339321,0.000009241127,0.0007567685,0.0005204717],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8100194,0.1896169,0.00002226591,0.00001146712,0.00009898369,0.0001917465,0.00002180384,0.00001455353,0.000002763273],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9680306,0.03176602,0.0001400365,6.979779e-7,0.00002555372,0.000002621523,0.000002469874,0.0000291446,0.000002836125],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2693597,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6096831,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02952423156615982,"score_gpt":0.3048038288774697,"score_spread":0.2752795973113099,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}