{"id":"W3215313335","doi":"10.3167/hrrh.2021.470301","title":"Bad Custom","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Historical Reflections/Réflexions Historiques","topic":"Colonialism, slavery, and trade","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Jurisprudence; Sovereignty; Statute; Law; Natural (archaeology); Function (biology); State (computer science); Politeness; Sociology; Legal history; Political science; History; Computer science","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","sts","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004450727,0.0002352592,0.0003591402,0.0002702069,0.002528468,0.0001074784,0.0003015621,0.0003234304,0.001007434],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001030522,0.0002724796,0.00031457,0.001489609,0.0002524739,0.0003514933,0.00005799416,0.000473834,0.0002744647],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01309518,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001666063,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008554978,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02150603,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9971519,0.0005295678,0.000441272,0.0006006921,0.0006749306,0.0006016754],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981143,0.0002955456,0.000131195,0.0005012312,0.0005065094,0.0004512058],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008642128,0.00102716,0.000477937,0.00002372185,0.00008978075,0.0002384121,0.0510122,0.00001218661,0.002492346,0.3730462,0.564306,0.007187626],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001773288,0.00007263849,0.0001124573,0.00001508814,0.00005060217,0.00001791231,0.0004239341,0.000002656487,0.000338842,0.009877865,0.9885978,0.0003128598],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.003898504,0.0123762,0.006161529,0.03954077,0.01903223,0.0004174567,0.00001746129,0.001910645,0.9166452],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6320792,0.003094869,0.006675737,0.001563841,0.004415044,0.0001806779,0.00003036591,0.00007888547,0.3518813],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6281807,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999728,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.058473721664678,"score_gpt":0.3681399874385074,"score_spread":0.3096662657738294,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}