{"id":"W3215672284","doi":"10.1088/1674-4527/ac3adb","title":"Ensemble Numerical Simulations of Realistic SEP Events and the Inspiration for Space Weather Awareness","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics","topic":"Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Natural Science Foundation of China; California Institute of Technology; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Physics; Space weather; Heliosphere; Coronal mass ejection; Polytropic process; Solar wind; Meteorology; Computational physics; Astrophysics; Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite; Atmospheric sciences; Plasma; Satellite; Astronomy","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004121307,0.0004596596,0.0006292124,0.000441723,0.0005046062,0.0006152059,0.0006529843,0.000986855,0.001070677],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001524763,0.0002540537,0.0006157667,0.000472053,0.0004801796,0.0006753996,0.0005072013,0.000795551,0.00007266367],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004831964,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00055251,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02044489,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008956301,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998535,0.00004591671,0.000008232694,0.00002538171,0.00002824864,0.00003871349],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992653,0.0003615641,0.0001002993,0.00006347681,0.0001213034,0.00008808934],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002089344,0.00003087231,0.003161955,0.000007026332,0.00001793573,0.00003451779,0.00001190378,0.9952458,0.0003512347,0.0003045753,0.00008900792,0.0007243563],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005511393,0.00000854906,0.0005532199,0.000001383424,0.000003740654,0.00000262476,0.000008483955,0.9991508,0.000121112,0.0000951986,0.0000468632,0.000002587865],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.982701,0.0001314811,0.01235448,0.0001864245,0.00005877552,0.00001860961,0.000275718,0.0001582784,0.00411512],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971541,0.00004288313,0.002363289,0.00002288623,0.000008959882,0.00001257232,0.0001891695,0.00001440122,0.0001917751],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02044489,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0406518,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03702131438060714,"score_gpt":0.34283972617084,"score_spread":0.3058184117902329,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}