{"id":"W3216166258","doi":"10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.114571","title":"Simulated patients and their reality: An inquiry into theory and method","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Social Science & Medicine","topic":"Primary Care and Health Outcomes","field":"Health Professions","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McGill University; Simon Fraser University","funders":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","keywords":"Counterfactual thinking; Observational study; Health care; Quality (philosophy); Gold standard (test); Proposition; Observational methods in psychology; Affect (linguistics); Computer science; Psychology; Observational learning; Nursing; Artificial intelligence; Medicine; Social psychology; Epistemology; Economics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005430797,0.0001214755,0.0003485132,0.00008756502,0.002055009,0.000009688557,0.0001497474,0.0001340715,0.0001759384],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00164382,0.00008136992,0.00001603573,0.0005822275,0.001103749,0.0002657865,0.0001983227,0.0003635724,0.000002905373],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002216289,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001162801,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005897084,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000189726,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9972425,0.001231267,0.0003480814,0.0003880487,0.0003337176,0.0004563509],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979894,0.0009868237,0.000127226,0.0001802179,0.0003931486,0.0003232385],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001111848,0.00006491719,0.1094658,0.000232065,0.00001464969,0.00000769945,0.5567011,1.4103e-7,0.002573287,0.03264914,0.005472437,0.2927076],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00368094,0.0004409948,0.64206,0.0001732948,0.00006423736,0.000002649201,0.1320034,0.00008524189,0.0001581075,0.1707996,0.05014621,0.0003852325],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9677291,0.0005547405,0.0007643565,0.02019366,0.001067408,0.0003395651,0.000006405839,0.00007064113,0.009274149],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9579589,0.0001385777,0.0001172968,0.04082391,0.000681665,0.000007868069,0.00002487495,0.00001051102,0.0002364319],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5325942,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9992442,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1050131746084796,"score_gpt":0.529615793058102,"score_spread":0.4246026184496224,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}