{"id":"W3216469376","doi":"10.1016/j.cpet.2021.09.007","title":"Trustworthy Artificial Intelligence in Medical Imaging","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"PET Clinics","topic":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","field":"Medicine","cited_by":86,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"NIH Clinical Center; National Institutes of Health","keywords":"Trustworthiness; Variety (cybernetics); Artificial intelligence; Medicine; Data science; Engineering ethics; Computer science; Computer security; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[{"model":"gpt","categories":[],"domain":null,"study_design":"design_other","genre":"review","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"high","status":"direct model label, unvalidated"},{"model":"grok","categories":[],"domain":null,"study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"review","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"medium","status":"direct model label, unvalidated"},{"model":"opus","categories":[],"domain":null,"study_design":"design_other","genre":"review","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"medium","status":"direct model label, unvalidated"}],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.001918129,0.0003394245,0.001950935,0.0003316392,0.00006600315,0.00004348122,0.0002707244,0.0004127175,0.002215162],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005133823,0.0003036411,0.0005521041,0.0009072092,0.0001402968,0.00005702217,0.0001022699,0.001767694,0.0008673463],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000259763,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004461116,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001556757,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002942421,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9954466,0.0003007316,0.002503938,0.0006641658,0.0005946076,0.0004899287],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9968423,0.00156423,0.0003740253,0.000616686,0.0002227176,0.0003800694],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007160572,0.0002209581,0.0001694298,0.004022999,0.00002291504,0.0008389362,0.0001335226,4.745455e-7,3.200275e-9,0.0007099638,0.0004348004,0.9934388],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008715937,0.0000390298,0.000002962521,0.02354934,0.0002938384,0.0006314638,0.0005791216,0.001290239,9.008785e-7,0.00135733,0.971974,0.000273038],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.00003364381,0.993697,0.0005409811,0.001494557,0.002789161,0.0005805687,0.000007722129,0.00005248961,0.0008039024],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00009216587,0.9958112,0.0004822926,0.0008231947,0.002127919,0.00009384655,0.0003007801,0.00006101046,0.000207618],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9931658,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999416,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.3390825322165406,"score_gpt":0.5670841687344663,"score_spread":0.2280016365179258,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}