{"id":"W3217405118","doi":"10.3847/1538-4357/aca7be","title":"Applying the Metallicity-dependent Binary Fraction to Double White Dwarf Formation: Implications for LISA","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Astrophysical Journal","topic":"Pulsars and Gravitational Waves Research","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics; University of Toronto; University of British Columbia","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Physics; White dwarf; Metallicity; Astrophysics; Binary number; Binary star; Astronomy; Blue dwarf; Stars","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008861691,0.0003459621,0.0004483746,0.0004595297,0.0006583306,0.001071804,0.000754121,0.0006915297,0.001242714],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00352642,0.0002246366,0.0005200925,0.0003859308,0.0005926992,0.0005272959,0.0005698183,0.0004582137,0.0001607733],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001412308,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000647125,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01686944,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0116471,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998275,0.00006510774,0.00000847788,0.00004121645,0.00002238213,0.00003530396],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987488,0.0007009594,0.0001704492,0.0001135291,0.0001190516,0.0001471767],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002149768,0.0001141086,0.1742917,0.00004341669,0.00008546485,0.0002309343,0.0001302502,0.8147465,0.003115592,0.003257986,0.0005207123,0.003248338],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007125239,0.0001438929,0.03360399,0.00001760293,0.00004403208,0.000100702,0.0001564341,0.9612376,0.002123283,0.001698654,0.000781299,0.00002122529],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9967675,0.00005399685,0.001387727,0.0001299655,0.000006220979,0.00001254032,0.000308857,0.00005448235,0.00127874],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987367,0.00002604163,0.0008701196,0.00002598011,0.000002992875,0.000007933209,0.0001469803,0.00001699591,0.0001663151],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01686944,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03354251,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03980449259313313,"score_gpt":0.3626207300333494,"score_spread":0.3228162374402163,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}