{"id":"W3217475017","doi":"10.3389/fnbeh.2021.786358","title":"Delay Discounting in Established and Proposed Behavioral Addictions: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience","topic":"Gambling Behavior and Treatments","field":"Psychology","cited_by":79,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; National Institutes of Health; Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research","keywords":"Addiction; Delay discounting; Psychology; Meta-analysis; Discounting; Behavioral addiction; Clinical psychology; Categorical variable; Addictive behavior; Impulsivity; Psychiatry; Medicine; Statistics; Mathematics; Internal medicine","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009693675,0.0008357855,0.007712371,0.001532037,0.0001769065,0.0003465382,0.0005840207,0.0003406935,0.00008913844],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009442817,0.0006376185,0.0011225,0.004413574,0.0003815643,0.000441141,0.0002498393,0.0008262798,0.00000349172],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001911914,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001332924,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000465604,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000163161,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9938466,0.001230281,0.001775342,0.00188653,0.0005322715,0.0007290027],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977481,0.00007325861,0.0007863459,0.001111997,0.00007197756,0.0002082926],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"meta_analysis","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002651291,0.01323695,0.1094023,0.7644183,0.02089734,0.01475905,0.00322547,0.000005399582,0.000003637971,0.000173942,0.001554445,0.07229664],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003557499,0.0001591726,0.001147753,0.01647949,0.9781873,0.0003256786,0.0002437459,0.000005535727,1.295832e-7,0.000003790489,0.002253283,0.0008383218],"study_design_candidate":"meta_analysis","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0006768845,0.9943842,0.0000543016,0.00002097871,0.0006723601,0.003766168,0.0003613128,0.00004805905,0.00001574131],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.001271558,0.9949773,0.0007976195,0.00008905357,0.000007490616,0.00170019,0.0001495118,0.0000720331,0.0009352337],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.95729,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996075,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.2412054633600675,"score_gpt":0.4625710685752381,"score_spread":0.2213656052151707,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}