{"id":"W33038176","doi":"10.1097/scs.0000000000007167","title":"The Optimal Taxation Approach to Intergovernmental Grants","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","topic":"Local Government Finance and Decentralization","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Externality; Economics; Fiscal federalism; Matching (statistics); Public economics; Public good; Fiscal policy; Microeconomics; Optimal tax; Marginal cost; Public finance; Macroeconomics; Market economy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002527562,0.0001666091,0.0002126267,0.00009139018,0.0006288976,0.0004108552,0.0008348309,0.0002716634,0.00001925911],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008041078,0.0001499041,0.00009845155,0.0001678917,0.0002879168,0.0001361269,0.0005050869,0.0006501097,0.00001674426],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002859208,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000443079,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005028295,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001524386,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9971876,0.0003779785,0.0003944168,0.0005595121,0.0007604039,0.0007201195],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989048,0.0001986703,0.000230132,0.0004353292,0.00006349038,0.0001676187],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003774873,0.0005206572,0.00886461,0.00004178813,0.00006346418,0.000007454509,0.01241798,0.03543465,0.00004309359,0.0535889,0.002086817,0.8865531],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001463283,0.0003508515,0.08312497,0.0004342116,0.00002185525,0.00000265489,0.03968085,0.02756071,0.0002987651,0.01199566,0.8336101,0.001456053],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3355809,0.0001075745,0.0003575149,0.001794663,0.0007558944,0.001821602,0.00004017671,0.00004853316,0.6594931],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9823694,0.01168003,0.0007296311,0.0002039483,0.0003639725,0.0001777595,0.00003405619,0.00002289515,0.004418286],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.885097,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7476729,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03282174316716761,"score_gpt":0.3338547267157931,"score_spread":0.3010329835486255,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}