{"id":"W36714376","doi":"10.1007/s10826-022-02519-3","title":"Research on the referring expressions in English news headlines","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"美中外语","topic":"Translation Studies and Practices","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Fonds de Recherche du Québec-Société et Culture; Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Linguistics; History; Natural language processing; Computer science; Philosophy","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003973976,0.0003652007,0.0003064735,0.002402943,0.001630184,0.005373322,0.0006914901,0.001017088,0.01525779],"category_scores_gemma":[0.04325303,0.0003074993,0.0002385067,0.002718369,0.002141606,0.004858023,0.001598126,0.001166457,0.003372058],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001599529,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001117077,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006645625,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008300782,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9934409,0.003946254,0.0004562116,0.0004335485,0.001369165,0.000354011],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9439413,0.02758825,0.01828584,0.002262807,0.006763939,0.001157839],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002988502,0.000323946,0.1832033,0.00208409,0.00009191147,0.001951649,0.6030555,0.0001325244,0.004622882,0.01805916,0.02301469,0.1631615],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002156377,0.0001907039,0.299875,0.001678073,0.0001167152,0.002390137,0.5309873,0.0003407601,0.002124265,0.002416111,0.1597478,0.0001117116],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8136801,0.004587952,0.002364888,0.005229003,0.0004741053,0.0001599355,0.0006747455,0.00008478347,0.1727445],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9782134,0.004188117,0.001101284,0.001653155,0.0003730798,0.000104691,0.0004162407,0.0001022791,0.01384788],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01525779,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05104232,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.3980627471716333,"score_gpt":0.425987922242531,"score_spread":0.02792517507089776,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}