{"id":"W39485822","doi":"10.2166/wqrj.2003.018","title":"Innovative Biological Treatment Processes for Wastewater in Canada","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Quality Research Journal","topic":"Wastewater Treatment and Nitrogen Removal","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Biofilter; Ultrafiltration (renal); Wastewater; Environmental science; Biosorption; Waste management; Suspended solids; Bioreactor; Sewage treatment; Biochemical engineering; Environmental engineering; Chemistry; Engineering; Adsorption","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002301868,0.0001746255,0.0002443015,0.00008753144,0.0003121709,0.00008666514,0.000223576,0.00005451258,0.0009824513],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001885385,0.00008907794,0.00005756064,0.0003859019,0.0001583913,0.0001826303,0.00007347574,0.0002447014,0.0000771742],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002368387,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005435922,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.2579256,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.4312874,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9970052,0.0007811124,0.0004244109,0.0003146433,0.0005092773,0.0009653197],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993124,0.000190265,0.00004410081,0.0001531637,0.0001043688,0.0001957007],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000644472,0.0007422039,0.8622746,0.00004129524,0.0001420491,0.0002621289,0.003324777,0.0001426283,0.1266619,0.0001948975,0.00213518,0.003433928],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003179969,0.0009882792,0.02353527,0.00002440479,0.00000652431,0.0001757585,0.002358844,0.000008360051,0.916289,0.008580355,0.04448779,0.0003653906],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9977598,0.00005794898,0.00001425937,0.0008646268,0.00007128206,0.0004294056,0.00001564725,0.000005593427,0.000781462],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997,0.00004190345,0.001577256,0.00004532731,0.00004645525,0.00008563163,0.00001625732,0.00001187231,0.001175266],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8387393,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999308,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.17163601069317,"score_gpt":0.371672913319834,"score_spread":0.200036902626664,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}