{"id":"W4200138132","doi":"10.3390/min11121425","title":"Titanium: An Overview of Resources and Production Methods","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Minerals","topic":"Molten salt chemistry and electrochemical processes","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":101,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Titanium; Ilmenite; Production (economics); Materials science; Process (computing); Metallurgy; Process engineering; Natural resource economics; Environmental science; Computer science; Engineering; Mineralogy; Chemistry; Economics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005800986,0.001046636,0.000963892,0.004828975,0.0005948058,0.001693927,0.001206945,0.001213071,0.006356817],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004904042,0.0005862678,0.0007690885,0.004063982,0.0003714462,0.002144261,0.0007935676,0.001419442,0.005018994],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008255034,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001152531,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001706807,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001677128,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994251,0.00004143542,0.00007041496,0.0001182758,0.0002958434,0.00004897731],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998199,0.0000693965,0.00002752059,0.00001219723,0.00005901294,0.00001194274],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001656657,0.000209112,0.000619518,0.03045795,0.00008527831,0.0004930268,0.0002141107,0.001505783,0.03701369,0.02559349,0.0350896,0.8685528],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005003806,0.0001036452,0.0004243662,0.00144335,0.00004261749,0.0008463961,0.00007360566,0.0002290717,0.006290893,0.003931105,0.986582,0.0000279708],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.001974765,0.9714298,0.004723895,0.0006308551,0.0005293961,0.0000659949,0.0005339249,0.00009901114,0.02001229],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.006485924,0.9794677,0.005663452,0.0003243441,0.0004230914,0.00009866639,0.0008211911,0.0000487988,0.006666867],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.006356817,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02126563,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05757804305315318,"score_gpt":0.354780748960122,"score_spread":0.2972027059069688,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}