{"id":"W4200215044","doi":"10.1257/aer.20201385","title":"Labor Rationing","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"American Economic Review","topic":"Labor market dynamics and wage inequality","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":47,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Rationing; Economics; Casual; Labour economics; Quarter (Canadian coin); Secondary labor market; Implicit contract theory; Split labor market theory; Labor demand; Labor relations; Wage","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002227748,0.0004124783,0.0004274674,0.002343641,0.0007509832,0.001235767,0.0006194896,0.0005262964,0.01237896],"category_scores_gemma":[0.009296841,0.0002065924,0.0003673715,0.001899542,0.0006982347,0.00121606,0.001195996,0.0005294058,0.001562807],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001158383,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006016489,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00214494,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002374153,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997983,0.0005977997,0.0002779473,0.0003608663,0.0005300148,0.0002504628],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9927703,0.001614404,0.003513072,0.0006400542,0.0009112564,0.0005509572],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007241156,0.00072754,0.8002392,0.0004988999,0.0003848539,0.0002860177,0.001543429,0.005617615,0.005374909,0.04817992,0.01020476,0.1262188],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006644378,0.001068917,0.8972611,0.0002659282,0.0001608996,0.001192833,0.002424644,0.008701799,0.003969378,0.0294154,0.05539544,0.00007719477],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8495523,0.002902909,0.02849436,0.0006963275,0.0002226624,0.0008425001,0.007093401,0.0002705879,0.109925],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9843978,0.000618811,0.004844488,0.000182363,0.00008531488,0.000267957,0.002226759,0.00002505556,0.007351517],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01237896,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04141176,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02269023323067995,"score_gpt":0.2600518522287947,"score_spread":0.2373616189981147,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}