{"id":"W4200315954","doi":"10.1111/gean.12309","title":"In memoriam: Martin Charlton","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Geographical Analysis","topic":"Spatial and Panel Data Analysis","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Bespoke; Regional science; Geography; Cartography; Newcastle upon tyne; Library science; Sociology; Media studies; History; Political science; Art history; Computer science","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005874578,0.0001401595,0.0006711485,0.001189285,0.00006537751,0.00008535895,0.0002161766,0.0001223592,0.01010524],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001895593,0.000154808,0.0006918394,0.007462522,0.00004795519,0.0001661425,0.00009116795,0.000183327,0.0006669055],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002062033,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008856096,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00363837,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003893624,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982678,0.00003823837,0.0006673018,0.0006157988,0.00008588967,0.0003249144],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990832,0.000043214,0.000153782,0.0005362958,0.00006445815,0.0001190722],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008199255,0.000145737,0.9667104,0.000008066393,0.0009572993,0.0000922502,0.00005758253,0.000243134,0.00001093863,0.03049194,0.001031288,0.0002431654],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005909094,0.00002302188,0.8018762,0.000005026488,0.0006809636,0.000004575799,0.00006674256,0.01669341,0.00009077107,0.06584725,0.1135799,0.000541196],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9462771,0.003940999,0.008463298,0.01607566,0.0007736171,0.0001064052,0.0005802951,0.0000705225,0.02371215],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9955074,0.0006502505,0.0003876214,0.0008678075,0.0002123231,0.00001666699,0.0004227305,0.000009796765,0.001925377],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1648342,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9907997,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0192360579557762,"score_gpt":0.2145108785011758,"score_spread":0.1952748205453996,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}