{"id":"W4200334821","doi":"10.1029/2021sw002901","title":"Impacts of Auroral Precipitation on HF Propagation: A Hypothetical Over‐the‐Horizon Radar Case Study","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Space Weather","topic":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"Canadian Space Agency","keywords":"Ionosphere; Radar; Environmental science; Skywave; Over-the-horizon radar; Electrojet; Remote sensing; Precipitation; Range (aeronautics); Meteorology; Storm; Mode (computer interface); Atmospheric sciences; Geology; Physics; Geophysics; Computer science; Earth's magnetic field; Telecommunications; Materials science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001128979,0.0001411017,0.0001571244,0.00001167821,0.00009025414,0.00003911425,0.00007128621,0.00003276298,0.0009619665],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001229689,0.0001051556,0.00008806901,0.0001688003,0.0000412295,0.00007494385,0.00003481332,0.0001331014,0.00003140245],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002316178,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001056284,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007734122,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003077413,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991452,0.0001119641,0.0001719215,0.0002055283,0.0001890346,0.0001763699],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.99937,0.00007156033,0.00009321554,0.0003191502,0.0000935963,0.00005244364],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000818569,0.01422914,0.2017932,0.0001579041,0.00154426,0.001928641,0.04056739,0.001605108,0.01933855,0.4671571,0.01243599,0.2384242],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.03965503,0.03598976,0.1832861,0.000815845,0.003012909,0.001096238,0.4752858,0.02107056,0.1025883,0.0838744,0.04668747,0.006637502],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9892036,0.00002817375,0.001238727,0.0003492054,0.0001586114,0.0004035761,0.00001727817,0.00001723273,0.008583542],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972886,6.584185e-7,0.0004707929,0.00002250424,0.0001904323,0.00002316821,0.00001211655,0.00002426126,0.001967434],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4347185,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999513,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.008458061526136595,"score_gpt":0.2488716127603963,"score_spread":0.2404135512342598,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}