{"id":"W4200450853","doi":"10.1017/s0272263121000784","title":"THE LEMMA DILEMMA","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Studies in Second Language Acquisition","topic":"Second Language Acquisition and Learning","field":"Psychology","cited_by":61,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Vocabulary; Operationalization; Lemma (botany); Linguistics; Dilemma; CobB; Affect (linguistics); Value (mathematics); Lexical item; Word (group theory); Vocabulary development; Computer science; Psychology; Artificial intelligence; Mathematics; Epistemology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.007307218,0.0004035064,0.0006855825,0.001766883,0.003754558,0.008621052,0.001782543,0.00476214,0.03221228],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02730307,0.0003677297,0.0005127921,0.001510005,0.01928248,0.01880435,0.005178215,0.007391838,0.007959788],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002934098,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002406839,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001196535,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001172528,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9932653,0.00387655,0.0003267626,0.00113561,0.0010899,0.0003057879],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9780477,0.01632432,0.000823874,0.001972202,0.002210677,0.0006212119],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002440301,0.000006831169,0.0001820574,0.00005958249,0.000003530605,0.0002166896,0.002317227,0.00003189826,0.00007838292,0.9669489,0.01783437,0.01229617],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002029509,0.00001357979,0.0001603256,0.0002142629,0.000006817363,0.0008575115,0.002844359,0.0001478956,0.0002388998,0.5985563,0.3969291,0.00001069193],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.01477637,0.01576339,0.02237501,0.2139498,0.004681508,0.00005618253,0.0002369719,0.0001853758,0.7279754],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7498732,0.01313944,0.01718279,0.08108135,0.007539558,0.000305576,0.0003368212,0.0006288162,0.1299124],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03221228,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1077608,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03453225994763668,"score_gpt":0.3790429950785935,"score_spread":0.3445107351309568,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}