{"id":"W4205395968","doi":"10.3390/membranes12010080","title":"Rare Earth Elements Recovery Using Selective Membranes via Extraction and Rejection","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Membranes","topic":"Extraction and Separation Processes","field":"Engineering","cited_by":61,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Rare earth; Membrane; Extraction (chemistry); Earth (classical element); Chemistry; Chromatography; Physics; Mineralogy; Biochemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002275651,0.0004227853,0.0007772783,0.0004119553,0.0003253571,0.0001220661,0.0001012753,0.0002432629,0.0009394991],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000469379,0.0004330269,0.0001814569,0.000562767,0.00002087161,0.0006234417,0.00002686927,0.0005398442,0.0000335657],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001649151,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008415287,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002426502,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004371961,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998341,0.0001474887,0.0005908808,0.0004034327,0.0002680077,0.0002492228],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992725,0.0001865092,0.000232937,0.0001882187,0.00004667824,0.00007319147],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001964728,0.0000431254,0.000003188544,0.03406648,0.0003173357,0.0000174446,0.0001334297,0.003587621,0.000496975,0.000007035738,0.0003103913,0.9609973],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001297516,0.00003595803,0.000002126244,0.0005946665,0.0003357303,0.0004196491,0.00005391554,0.001824021,0.0003055385,0.00002498577,0.9958472,0.0004264771],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0001330409,0.992876,0.0006700313,0.000002903011,0.001395254,0.0005263501,0.00002963455,0.0004100995,0.003956664],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0001164537,0.9973771,0.0002279003,0.00001622711,0.0002520521,0.0001387277,0.000195905,0.000103099,0.001572526],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9955368,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999738,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04674754211317978,"score_gpt":0.3138973887481478,"score_spread":0.267149846634968,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}