{"id":"W4205641824","doi":"10.4018/978-1-4666-2020-9.ch012","title":"The Level Paradox of E-Collaboration","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"IGI Global eBooks","topic":"Knowledge Management and Sharing","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"HEC Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Spurious relationship; Single level; Focus (optics); Computer science; Micro level; Epistemology; Management science; Operations research; Mathematics; Engineering; Economics; Microeconomics; Physics; Philosophy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01499732,0.0004078901,0.0007594759,0.002324671,0.00346346,0.01528271,0.001493405,0.003815652,0.006440256],"category_scores_gemma":[0.03623231,0.0005443437,0.0007327446,0.003448887,0.02190091,0.02777245,0.0108448,0.007230275,0.0009839513],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.004569218,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00374782,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001030431,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001031926,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9825258,0.01107446,0.0005608129,0.001676835,0.003572567,0.0005895128],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9560065,0.03364926,0.001713445,0.005264952,0.002344741,0.001021124],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000009957943,0.000008584446,0.0003916184,0.000087491,0.000009094209,0.00003467135,0.002931913,0.000218111,0.00009607979,0.9823145,0.001468003,0.01243006],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001104986,0.00001617169,0.0004272783,0.0001671203,0.00000848783,0.0001236745,0.001644613,0.0008238237,0.000162303,0.9720871,0.02451725,0.00001103635],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.05778871,0.01543234,0.2077386,0.08440547,0.0008290837,0.0001908107,0.0002677516,0.0003078731,0.6330394],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9050905,0.005783608,0.05534188,0.009044915,0.0006370891,0.0005585472,0.000134227,0.0002043127,0.02320486],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01528271,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.07931435,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05290598668960661,"score_gpt":0.3061194140875418,"score_spread":0.2532134273979352,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}