{"id":"W4205847426","doi":"10.1051/0004-6361/202142484","title":"The LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Astronomy and Astrophysics","topic":"Radio Astronomy Observations and Technology","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":472,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics; University of Toronto","funders":"FP7 International Cooperation; DST-NRF Centre Of Excellence In Tree Health Biotechnology; Gauss Centre for Supercomputing; Narodowa Agencja Wymiany Akademickiej; Ministerium für Innovation, Wissenschaft und Forschung des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen; Ministero degli Affari Esteri e della Cooperazione Internazionale; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Department of Science and Innovation, South Africa; Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; China Scholarship Council; Max-Planck-Gesellschaft; Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung; University of the Western Cape; Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek; Science and Technology Facilities Council; Horizon 2020 Framework Programme; Hrvatska Zaklada za Znanost; Narodowym Centrum Nauki; Canada Research Chairs; UK Research and Innovation; Science Foundation Ireland; Observatoire de Paris, Université de Recherche Paris Sciences et Lettres; National Research Foundation; University of Pretoria; Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung; University of Hertfordshire; European Commission; Dipartimenti di Eccellenza; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; University of Toronto; Ministero dell’Istruzione, dell’Università e della Ricerca; University of Cape Town; Université d'Orléans; Leverhulme Trust","keywords":"LOFAR; Physics; Spectral index; Sky; Optics; Sky brightness; Brightness; Remote sensing; Wavelength; Astrophysics; Radio telescope; Astronomy; Geology; Spectral line","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001060087,0.0008562926,0.0006503989,0.002378918,0.0005796098,0.001070171,0.001032055,0.0004904474,0.02286192],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001268433,0.0002777189,0.0003388056,0.002048638,0.0001854005,0.0008239171,0.001224571,0.0007958236,0.02212228],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006446547,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009355285,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0113742,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01557509,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992381,0.0001296849,0.00002881342,0.0001862767,0.0002566944,0.0001603741],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991288,0.00004908893,0.0001437082,0.0002234626,0.0002927955,0.0001622105],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004409866,0.0001193772,0.03426464,0.0004434527,0.0001523285,0.000286428,0.0002866863,0.001172121,0.0071558,0.004235008,0.8594515,0.09199172],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002100605,0.00008907448,0.1738109,0.0001394962,0.00006106716,0.0005008883,0.0002232109,0.002014819,0.001181293,0.001641657,0.8200623,0.00006523395],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"dataset","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1035227,0.003090697,0.02667711,0.001809401,0.0005220567,0.0007029949,0.6047541,0.01069977,0.2482211],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.1064503,0.0008581894,0.02741009,0.001088419,0.000343224,0.0007472736,0.8328133,0.001575611,0.02871356],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02286192,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.07648075,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.009112939543718104,"score_gpt":0.2126876310109214,"score_spread":0.2035746914672033,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}