{"id":"W4206361950","doi":"10.3390/w14020227","title":"Stochastic Flood Risk Assessment under Climate Change Scenarios for Toronto, Canada Using CAPRA","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water","topic":"Flood Risk Assessment and Management","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University; York University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Flood myth; Climate change; Flooding (psychology); Environmental science; Flood risk assessment; Risk assessment; Representative Concentration Pathways; Hazard; Natural hazard; Vulnerability (computing); Water resource management; Environmental resource management; Risk analysis (engineering); Geography; Climate model; Meteorology; Business; Computer science; Ecology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004084681,0.0005524787,0.0002539386,0.000985718,0.00098999,0.0009584407,0.0006132883,0.0003660364,0.001172827],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008319241,0.0002378336,0.0005350375,0.001598227,0.0003683136,0.0002740428,0.0003745501,0.0002590056,0.0001062977],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.02396183,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01575706,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9909334,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9927818,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997854,0.00003209055,0.00001063697,0.00003563362,0.00007722103,0.00005904704],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999548,0.00008630803,0.00005038837,0.00001926024,0.0002265671,0.00006949757],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002358039,0.00008160774,0.164947,0.0001782803,0.000186802,0.000984852,0.0005779879,0.7941138,0.00270097,0.004296768,0.006873323,0.02482287],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003654236,0.00004756351,0.1852421,0.00004096373,0.00006688666,0.00009245539,0.001021159,0.8070598,0.0009445724,0.0006164842,0.004759153,0.00007242277],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9823292,0.0004987299,0.003398808,0.000352122,0.00001144922,0.00006574372,0.0067319,0.0001566643,0.006455445],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9920745,0.000313943,0.002419265,0.00002507364,0.000003478799,0.00001973689,0.003154931,0.00001247964,0.001976702],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02396183,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1738561,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0183239666752563,"score_gpt":0.2508900222591618,"score_spread":0.2325660555839056,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}