{"id":"W4206549966","doi":"10.1109/imcet53404.2021.9665577","title":"A Review on Electric Vehicles Battery Chargers and AC/DC Converters for Fast Charging Stations","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"","topic":"Advanced Battery Technologies Research","field":"Engineering","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Hydro-Québec; École de Technologie Supérieure","funders":"","keywords":"Converters; Battery (electricity); Electrical engineering; Grid; Electric vehicle; Computer science; Electric-vehicle battery; Engineering; Electronic engineering; Automotive engineering; Voltage; Power (physics); Physics; Mathematics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004148481,0.001012962,0.0009741761,0.003057467,0.0002650468,0.0008650643,0.0007677173,0.0008699868,0.008445084],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006941924,0.0003815339,0.0007115853,0.003886953,0.0002137891,0.001537804,0.0004887272,0.0008894852,0.003761339],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003274382,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001009068,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001019161,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001692413,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997587,0.00003297114,0.00004473875,0.00004827393,0.00009553182,0.00001980134],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996002,0.0001834103,0.00005542736,0.00001410686,0.0001284046,0.00001835455],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007338216,0.00009578864,0.0002055288,0.0422538,0.0001127512,0.0002353365,0.00008141635,0.0007312864,0.003565443,0.005640328,0.03775873,0.9092462],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006161101,0.0000940828,0.0005667704,0.004538722,0.000135277,0.0005957162,0.00003977339,0.0001058637,0.0007787601,0.0009849662,0.9921378,0.00001613949],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0003338682,0.9944042,0.0006029269,0.0001999007,0.0003601706,0.00001444375,0.00006660595,0.00001709014,0.004000832],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.001195338,0.9954496,0.0006097762,0.0001707646,0.0001815891,0.00001174652,0.0001087158,0.000004493263,0.002267981],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.008445084,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02825165,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05383020369586932,"score_gpt":0.3425144321095096,"score_spread":0.2886842284136403,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}