{"id":"W4206726187","doi":"10.3390/buildings12010053","title":"Additive Manufacturing in Off-Site Construction: Review and Future Directions","year":2022,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Buildings","topic":"Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing Technologies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":66,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; New Brunswick Innovation Foundation; Canada Foundation for Innovation","keywords":"Aerospace; Component (thermodynamics); Manufacturing engineering; Rapid prototyping; Process (computing); Electronics; Engineering; Computer Aided Design; Systems engineering; Computer science; Mechanical engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001809635,0.0004831146,0.001268975,0.0004242159,0.0001547425,0.00004176767,0.0002538614,0.0002508774,0.0007290555],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005200309,0.000466771,0.0002106612,0.0003499169,0.00009703829,0.00009955372,0.0002802724,0.001270617,0.00002303515],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002445139,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002375366,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009876519,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004158932,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985617,0.00006089797,0.0004571968,0.000461575,0.0001307267,0.0003278712],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992736,0.0001832641,0.0001470288,0.0003357374,0.000009330858,0.00005101859],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[2.354376e-7,0.000003500596,4.65209e-7,0.01354861,0.00006677204,0.0000157646,0.00002149892,0.000001062122,1.999495e-8,0.0001266453,0.002424446,0.983791],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005273648,0.000009080273,0.00001074857,0.008692047,0.0003293444,0.0002653946,0.00003976441,0.000001367863,0.00002011538,0.00007993577,0.9900485,0.0004509887],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.00002667181,0.9952653,0.00001482407,0.00006240997,0.0005636019,0.0005298397,0.0002479326,0.001103933,0.002185483],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.000002357722,0.9980003,0.001084101,0.0000289825,0.0002356217,0.0003738693,0.0001034669,0.00008174637,0.00008959665],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.987624,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997784,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01657984230556157,"score_gpt":0.2512929064608425,"score_spread":0.234713064155281,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}